Search results for "croissance urbaine"

showing 10 items of 17 documents

Simulation de scénarios d’urbanisation pour estimer l’impact écologique du développement résidentiel et des évolutions de trafic associées

2015

National audience; La maîtrise de l’étalement urbain repré¬sente actuellement une préoccupation ma¬jeure en aménagement face au nombre im¬portant de nuisances induites par le phénomène. Sur le plan paysager, la croissance des villes se produit aux dépens des milieux naturels et agricoles, ce qui contribue à la fragmentation et à la réduction des habitats de la faune sauvage. Il est donc souhaitable de trouver un compromis entre les implantations résidentielles et la connectivité des habitats écologiques afin d’assurer la durabilité des populations animales. La recherche de ce compromis suppose une concertation entre les différents acteurs de l’aménagement du territoire et de l’environnement…

écologie du paysagegraphes paysagers[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyconnectivitésimulation de trafic[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyscénarios de développement résidentielréseau écologiquecroissance urbaine[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Interactions, spillovers de connaissance et croissance des économies modernes. Faut-il préférer la globalisation ou la proximité géographique ?

2009

Globalisation and metropolisation in modern economies induce some locational strategies of knowledge based activities towards cities and deeply increase trade and move of ideas across cities. In that context, we study the way knowledge spillovers have influenced the economic growth of 82 European Metropolises over the 1990-2005 period. We model knowledge spillovers across cities according to three specific interaction patterns depending either on geography or on global advanced services or thought a combination of these patterns. We show that the mixed pattern matters the best for economic growth of cities in Europe.

modern economiesJEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C2 - Single Equation Models • Single Variables/C.C2.C21 - Cross-Sectional Models • Spatial Models • Treatment Effect Models • Quantile RegressionsO4JEL : C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C2 - Single Equation Models • Single Variables/C.C2.C21 - Cross-Sectional Models • Spatial Models • Treatment Effect Models • Quantile Regressionsurban climate C31JEL : R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activityclimat des affaires[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesJEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financecroissance urbainejel:C31JEL: R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth Development Environmental Issues and Changes[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceJEL : R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth Development Environmental Issues and ChangesR11R12jel:O4metropolisesmétropolesJEL: R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activityurban growthspatial interactionsinteractions spatialesjel:R12jel:R11économies modernesmodern economiesurban growthmetropolisesspatial interactionsurban climate C31O4R11R12croissance urbainemétropolesinteractions spatialesclimat des affaireséconomies modernesJEL : O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
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Comparing the morphology of urban patterns in Europe

2004

The sprawling urban patterns typical for the outskirts of many europen metropolitan areas seem to be amorphous and it is difficult to find references for describing them. However, for managing sprawl it seems important to have quantitative descriptors, which allow distinguishing different types of urban patterns and which are less ambiguous than traditional density measures. a better knowledge of these patterns should also point to the underlying context of urbanisation at their root. More concretely: to what extent are planned patterns different from less planned ones? Do planned or unplanned patterns show comparable morphological features?

outskirts of European citiesurban morphology[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyfractal measuresbanlieueurban planningcroissance urbaine
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Externalités d'informations et évolution des villes

1999

Present-day city growth is chiefly the result of new tertiary activities such as financial and producer services, R&D, or business administration. These activities consume human capital, knowledge and high-tech capital, which are all rapidly changing inputs; they are based on complex decision-making processes; this renders them highly information-dependent. Inasmuch as these activities are the main key to understanding the city, information must play a leading role in understanding urban forms. The concentration of these activities in cities appears paradoxical in the era of information. They are agglomerated because of their need of proximity for exchanging information. But information can…

Urban GrowthInteraction[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyNetworkSociologie urbaineSociology of communicationSociologie de la communication[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyUrbanismeVilleSociologyInformationUrbanismUrban Sociology.Sociologie économiqueCenter and PeripheryCitySociologie rurale et urbaineSociologie urbaine.[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyRural and urban SociologyRéseauCentre-périphérieSociologieCroissance urbaineEconomic sociology
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Maîtrise de la croissance urbaine : outils, comportement des acteurs et impacts environnements

2015

Croissance urbaineActeurs et impacts environnements[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
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Accessibilité aux commerces, service et aménités vertes et de loisirs dans un modèle fractal d'urbanisation : le cas du Luxembourg

2012

International audience; L'objectif de cette communication est de présenter quelques éléments de réflexion concernant l'accessibilité aux commerces et services dans un modèle de croissance résidentielle. Ces travaux sont menés dans le but de fournir des entrées à la simulation de scénarios d'extensions urbaines. Le terrain d'application de ce travail est le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, où le développement pavillonnaire périurbain s'accompagne d'une forte dépendance automobile (Dupuy, 1995 ; pour le cas luxembourgeois cf. Petit, 2009). Pour endiguer ce processus, le Ministère des Transports ambitionne une part modale de 25% en transports en commun à l'horizon 2020 (Plan Sectoriel des Transports…

commerces et services[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyfractalesaménitésmodélisationcroissance urbaine[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Modeling urban growth by cellular automata

1996

International audience; The structural development of human settlements can be characterized as a complex highly feedbacketed process. The assumption that this process is governed by rather few fundamental laws stimulated a considerable research in the field of urban growth during the last decade. Aiming at the comprehension of the basic underlying dynamics different approaches from the field of self-organizing systems have been proposed. In this paper we present a "cellular model" of urban growth dynamics based on the work of White, Engelen and Uljee. As a starting point this model throws some light on the mechanism of urban growth. But even more important, it raises a lot of questions con…

Mechanism (biology)business.industryProcess (engineering)[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography0211 other engineering and technologies021107 urban & regional planning02 engineering and technology[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyCellular automatonField (geography)[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographyComprehensionLead (geology)urban growthWork (electrical)Risk analysis (engineering)Human settlement0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmodeliation020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematicsmodélisationcroissance urbaine
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Simulation and validation of urban dynamics with cellular automata

2018

Cet article, rédigé en 2008, présente les évolutions importantes la plateforme SpaCelle pour simuler l'évolution d'un espace à l'aide d'automate cellulaire. En particulier, la version 5 permet la structuration multi-couches des cellules pour gérer la dynamique de plusieurs variables définies sur un maillage. Elle permet aussi d'utiliser des cellules de type linéaires ou ponctuelles à travers des couches de type réseau. Les différentes couches ont leur propre dynamique et les règles peuvent faire interagir les couches entre elles. Ces fonctionnalités avancées ont permis de construire un nouveau modèle sur l'évolution de l'agglomération rouennaise plus proche de la réalité terrain en utilisan…

validationmodelurban growth (spatial)[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographycellular automataautomate cellulaire[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/GeographysimulationSpaCelle V5croissance urbaine (spatiale)modèle[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Ville et environnement aux Etats-Unis

2005

[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographygéographie urbaine[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyaspect environnemental[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographycroissance urbaine
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Urban growth (1956-2006) and soil degradation by soil sealing in the municipality of Valencia

2011

15 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas.

dinámica espacio-temporalDynamique spatiale et temporalescôte méditerranéenne.Soil sealingGeography Planning and DevelopmentUrbanizationGeografía físicaáreas litorales mediterráneasSpatial and temporal dynamicCôte méditerranéenneMediterranean coastal areas.sellado antropogénicoUrban StudiesGeografía regionalCroissance urbaineMediterranean coastal areasUrbanizaciónScellé artificiel du sol
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